Verslo OrganizacijŲ VadovŲ Rengimo PlĖtra Lietuvoje
ACITVE INSTRUMENTS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORTING BY
SELF – GOVERNMENT
Zaremba W.
University of Podlasie, Poland
The analysis of indirect way of supporting entrepreneurship was carried out on the basis of
the research conducted in all districts of podlaskie voivodship, having their seats in the county
towns. The most commonly provided form of support by the local government is organizing various
promotional actions. Active forms of promotional activeness realize self-governed units applying
development strategies about high level of investing.
Keywords: eeconomic development, local authorities, management fields, entrepreneurship
ratio
Introduction
System and economic transformation taking place in the last decade of 20th
century started the process of adaptation of local authorities to the market economy
conditions (Kożuch, 2005). The transformation caused the management reforms, not
only in the private sector, but also in the public sector, and directed attention on
effectiveness of tasks undertaken. Success in the local economy transformations is to
a large extent dependent upon initiative of self-government authorities and their
engagement in developmental processes stimulation (Hausner, 1997).
Entrepreneurship facilitation in self-government entities takes many forms and is
implemented with various instruments of direct and indirect influence. The way of
allocating public funds reflects conservative, that is protective, or pro-developmental
activity of a district (Bończak, 1998).
Investigations and their results
The most important instrument in active participation of a district is
infrastructural investments. Information and promotion activities are also included in
the group of spending instruments (MisiÄ…g, 2000). The analysis of promotion activity
of the districts was carried out on the basis of research results conducted in 2003, as
part of project 2H002D 059 24. The research encompassed all district offices, having
their seats in county towns of podlaskie voivodship.
The aim of this study is determination of conditions for modern management
methods application within the scope of indirect forms of entrepreneurship support in
village districts. The analysis was devoted to the relations between various kinds of
entrepreneurship support forms applied by local self-governments.
Emigration network, delayed infrastructure and low level of investment,
determine main barrier of development of suburban rural areas. Rural-communes
surrounding areas of cities attain smaller incomes and less participation of investment
– expenses in structure of budget then voivodship units. Differences occurring in
podlaskie voivodship presents table.
Table. Extreme values of variables and their diversification in Podlaskie
voivodship
Total communes in voivodship
Research of commune
Specification
Communes Min Average Max Me Min Average Max Me
Urban
1 072
1 508 2 187 1 407 1 072 1 488 2 187 1 400
Revenue of budgets
Rural
1 021
1 374 2 383 1 340 1 021 1 221 1 397 1 201
per capita (in PLN)
Urban-Rural 1 090
1 293 2 059 1 235 1 108 1 108 1 108 1 108
Urban
52
253
455
246
52
257
455 254
Investment spending Rural
15 274 654 261 104 227 329
237
per capita (in PLN)
Urban-Rural 59 258 909 215 83
91 100 91
Urban
133 157 181
158
133 155 176
157
Ratio of
Rural
52
89
227
82
55
90
137
89
entrepreneurship
Urban-Rural
78 100 150 97 115 117 119
117
Source: own research based on Regional Data Base of the CSO (Central Statistical Office)
Active means of promotion were used by all town and village-town districts
being subject to the research, but there was a diversity of promotional actions taken
by village districts. The analysis also encloses the relations between active forms of
management in the area of promotion and basic characteristics of districts being
subject to the research. The conducted analysis of correlation within the framework
of entrepreneurship direct support instruments and the basic characteristics of the
districts are presented in picture.
0,498-
Ratio of entrepreneurship .
0,318-
Share of an entity's own revenue (in %)
0,333-
Share of spending on health care (in %)
0,494-
Share of spending on administration (in %) .
0,616
Measure of tendency to invest
Investment spending per capita (in PLN)
0,807
Share of investment spending (in %)
0,730
Measure of unemployment intensity
0,395
Source: Self-elaborated on the basis of research carried out
Picture. The ratios of relations between promotional actions and characteristics of a
village district
The results obtained point out that there is a coefficient correlation between
applied spending instruments. Active forms of promotional actions are implemented
by self-government entities characterized by a high level of investments. The
obtained coefficient correlations between promotional actions of districts and the
share of investment spending in self-government entities’ budgets indicate that active
promotional actions are undertaken mostly by those districts which follow
development strategies and allocate a great share of their budgets for the development
of technical infrastructure. Whereas, passive forms of promotion are implemented by
districts which follow conservative strategies with a great share of spending on social
protection and administration.
Active forms of promotion are implemented more often by entities with a low
ratio of entrepreneurship, a small share of own revenue in total budget revenue, and a
high level of unemployment. Promotion, as a way of supporting entrepreneurship, is
applied mostly in village districts characterized by significant economic
backwardness.
Conclusions
Active forms of promotional actions are implemented by those self-government
entities with high level of investments, there is a strong coefficient correlation
between their application.
Active promotional actions are undertaken mainly by districts which apply
development strategies, allocating a great share of their technical infrastructure
development. Yet, passive forms of promotion are applied by entities implementing
conservative strategies with a great share of budget spending on social protection and
administration.
Active forms of promotion are implemented more often by entities with a low
ratio of entrepreneurship, a small share of own revenue in total budget revenue, and a
high level of unemployment.
References
1. Bończak, K. E., Herbst, K., Chmura, K. (1998). Jak władze lokalne mogą wspierać
przedsiębiorczość, Fundacja Inicjatyw Społeczno-Ekonomicznych, Polska Fundacja Promocji
Małych i Średnich Przedsiębiorstw. – Warszawa.
2. Hausner, J., Kudłacz, T., Szlachta, J. (1997). Instytucjonalne przesłanki rozwoju
regionalnego Polski, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. – Warszawa.
3. Kożuch, A., Mirończuk, A. (2005). Zarządzanie finansami lokalnymi, FWZ. – Białystok.
4. Misiąg, W. (2000). Wspieranie przedsiębiorczości przez samorządy lokalne, Polska
Fundacja Promocji i Rozwoju Małych i Średnich Przedsiębiorstw. – Warszawa.
VEIKSMINGOS PRIEMONÄ–S VERSLININKYSTÄ–JE PANAUDOJANT SAVIVALDOS
PARAMÄ„
Wanda Zaremba
Universitetas Podlasie, Lenkija
Svarbiausios vadybos reformos viešajame sektoriuje yra lydimos politinių
transformacijų, kurių priemonės naudojamos moderniems vadybos metodams pritaikyti vietos
plėtrai ir verslo iniciatyvoms skatinti. Verslininkystės tikslai vietos valdžios institucijose skatinami
įvairiomis formomis. Verslininkystės rėmimo netiesioginių būdų analizė buvo atlikta podlaskie
voivodship visų apylinkių pavyzdžiu. Nustatyta, kad priimtiniausia vietos valdžios rėmimo forma
yra įvairių reklminių akcijų organizavimas.
Raktiniai žodžiai: ekonomikos plėtra, vietos valdžia, vadybos sritis, verslininkystės
proporcijos.
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