Fluid Mechanics
Fluid Mechanics
Aspirants appearing for a Ph.D. Degree
All candidates will be tested on Basic Mathematics and Fluid Mechanics.
Apart from this the candidates can choose any two of the following areas
for the purpose of interview.
1. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
2. Experimental Fluid Mechanics (EFM)
3. Stability, transition and Turbulence (STT)
4. Thermo-fluid mechanics, convection, reactive flows, interfacial flows
5. Aerodynamics, flow around bluff bodies, Boundary layers, flow
control, etc.
6. Low Re flows, micro flows, bio-fluid mechanics etc.
Syllabus
Fluid Mechanics
Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, Fluid properties; Surface Tension, Viscosity; Fluid Statics;
Cartesian Tensors ; Kinematics; Vorticity and circulation
Integral laws for conservation of mass, momentum, angular momentum and energy; Constitutive
laws, Differential forms of mass conservation equation, Bernoullis equation; Navier-Stokes
Equations; Differential form of Energy equation. Applications of integral and differential
conservation equations.
Scaling and dimensional analysis, Dynamic Similarity, Buckingham’s Pi Theorem
Laminar Flows, similarity solutions, high Re flows, creeping flows
Suggested Text:
a. Kundu, P.K. and Cohen I.M., Fluid Mechanics, 3rd Ed., Academic Press, (2004).
b. Sherman F.S., Viscous Flow, McGraw Hill International, (1990)
c. Muralidhar K and Biswas G., Advanced Engineering Fluid Mechanics, 2nd Ed., Alpha
Science, (2005)
d. White F.M., Viscous Fluid Flow, McGraw Hill International, (1991)
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
Governing equations for Fluid flow systems; Solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic
equations, Time marching solutions; Discretization of derivatives-finite difference; Finite
volume method- incompressible flow simulation-modelling of compressible flows; Introduction
to FEM-incompressible flow simulation by FEM; Turbulent flow modeling – Familiarity with
CFD softwares (if applicable)
Suggested Text::
a. D. A. Anderson, J. C. Tannehill and R. H. Pletcher, " Computational Fluid Mechanics
and Heat Transfer", Hemishphere Publishing Corporation, 1984
b. S. V. Patankar, "Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow", Hemisphere Publishing
Corporation, 1980.
Experimental Fluid Mechanics (EFM)
Flow properties and basic principles, Static and dynamic response of measuring systems,
Measurement uncertainty, signal conditioning, discretization and analysis, Fluid mechanical
apparatus, Measurement of fluid pressure, Optical instrumentation: light propagation,
illumination, scattering, characteristics of seeding particles, Flow visualization, Local flow
velocity measurement; Thermal anemometry, LDV, PIV, etc.
Suggested Text:
a. Measurement in Fluid Mechanics, S.Tavoularis, Cambridge University Press,
2005.
b. Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, R.A.Granger, Holt Reinhart and Winston, Inc.,
1988.
c. Particle imaging velocimetry, A practical guide, M.Raffel, C.Willert and
J.Kompenhans, Springer-Verlag, 1998.
d. Fluid Mechanics Measurement, R. Goldstein, Taylor & Francis, 1996.
Stability, Transition, Turbulence (STT)
Euler and Navier-Stokes Equations; Laminar flows; Boundary-Layer approximation; Similarity,
integral and computational solutions of boundary layer equations, Flow past bluff bodies,
Separation, Introduction to perturbation techniques
Hydrodynamic Stability; Method of normal modes, Instabilities: Kelvin-Helmholtz, centrifugal
and thermal; Squires theorm, Orr-Sommerfeld equation; Inviscid and viscous stability of parallel
flows, Transition;
Introduction to Turbulent Flows; Averaged equations of motion, Kinetic energy budgets,
Turbulence - production, dissipation, cascade and spectrum; Free shear flows; Turbulent
boundary layers.
Suggested Texts:
a. Kundu, P.K. and Cohen I.M., Fluid Mechanics, 3rd Ed., Academic Press, (2004).
b. Muralidhar K and Biswas G., Advanced Engineering Fluid Mechanics, 2nd Ed., Alpha
Science, (2005)
c. White F.M., Viscous Fluid Flow, McGraw Hill International, (1991)
d. Schlichting H., Boundary-layer theory, McGraw Hill International, (1979)
Thermo-fluid mechanics, convection, reactive flows, interfacial flows etc. (TFM)
Introduction to Thermo-Fluid Mechanics; Conservation laws; Navier-Stokes equations;
Differential and Integral forms; External laminar flows; flow over a Flat Plate, Wedge flows,
flow over cylinders, Separation, Internal Laminar Flow; Circular pipe, non-circular ducts; Free
convection; Vertical plate cylinders, mixed convection
Suggested Texts:
a. Bejan A., Convection Heat Transfer Wiley – Interscience Publication, (1995).
Aerodynamics, flow around bluff bodies, Boundary layers, flow control, etc.
Introduction to Aerodynamics; flow past a bluff body, streamlined body; flow control; The role
of control in fluid flow systems; Effect of Reynolds number (Re); Control at low-Re and high-
Re; Linear stability theory; Transitional flows and control; Separation control; Drag reduction;
mixing enhancement; chaotic mixing; Noise reduction; Active and reactive feedback control :
adaptive, physical-model based, optimal control; MEMS systems;
Suggested Texts:
a. Gad-el-Hak, "Flow Control", CUP, (2000).
b. Schlichting H., Boundary-layer theory, McGraw Hill International, (1979)
Low Re flows, micro flows, bio-fluid mechanics
Relevance of Micro flows in nature and Technology Microfluidic devices in life sciences; Low
Reynolds number effects; Basic equations of Fluid Dynamics - compressible, incompressible
flows; Navier-Stokes equations; Slip and no-slip conditions, Higher order slip models; Shear
driven flows (Couette, Poiseuille, cavity flows); Fluids in micro; Bio-Fluid flow systems;
Physiological Fluid Dynamics; Flow through arteries and veins;
Suggested Texts:
a). Pedley, T. J. The Fluid Mechanics of Large Blood Vessels, CUP, (1980).
b). Beskok A. and Karniadakis G., Micro flows, CUP (1996).
Aspirants appearing for a M.S. Degree
All candidates will be tested on Basic Mathematics and Basic Fluid
Mechanics. Apart from this the candidates can choose any one of the
following areas for the purpose of interview.
1. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
2. Experimental Fluid Mechanics
3. Stability, transition and Turbulence
4. Thermo-fluid mechanics, convection, reactive flows, interfacial flows
5. Aerodynamics, flow around bluff bodies, Boundary layers, flow
control, etc.
6. Low Re flows, micro flows, bio fluid mechanics etc.
Syllabus
Basic Fluid Mechanics
a) Fluid continuum – Properties of fluids – Methods of describing fluid motion –
Kinematics of fluid streamlines, streak lines, path lines – equation of Continuity, Euler’s
equations of motion – Navier Strokes equations.
b) Hydrostatics – Manometry – Fluid force on planes and curved surfaces, submerged and
floating bodies – stability of submerged and floating bodies - Fluids subjected to uniform
linear acceleration and uniform rotation.
c) Analysis of fluid motion in integral form – Concept of a system and a control volume –
equations of continuity, energy, linear momentum and angular momentum as applied to a
control volume in fluid flow and their applications to propellers, cascades and pumps and
turbines.
d) Dimensional analysis, similitude and model testing – Laminar and turbulent flows –
Viscous effects – Boundary layer – Separation phenomena – Losses in pipes and minor
features.
Suggested
Text:
a. Fluid Mechanics, Gupta & Gupta, John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd (1984)
b. Fluid Mechanics by F.M.White, 5th Ed., McGraw Hill International, (2003)
c. Physical Fluid Dynamics by D.J.Tritton, Clarendon Press (1987)
